Thursday, January 4, 2018
Carbon Emission of an Organization - Group 15
Carbon Emission of an Organization
https://drive.google.com/open?id=1QWq9MX92hQ-Boz_XMC1TRT2xLw9gJQ9z
Jayawardana P. B 162418K
Mendis W. J. S 162428P
Nuwangi P. D 162429U
Sivapathasundaram. A 162672G
Weerakoon H. D 162702C
Forestation Programs-G14
Forestation Programs
Forests are life of our lives as it provides ecosystem services to humans such as converting carbon dioxide into oxygen and biomass, aiding in regulating climate, purifying water and also it serves as a genetic reserve. So that it can be said the forests are a valuable natural resource for humans and the life on earth. But with the urbanization and industrial development, the amount of forests worldwide is gradually decreasing, thus increasing so many natural hazards and causing many environmental impacts such as global warming. Deforestation, removal of forest or trees without sufficient reforestation programs has led to the damages in habitats, biodiversity loss and also aridity. As deforestation has a great impact on natural environment and human lives, it is important to have forestation programs.
When considering about forestation, it can be identified in two ways namely, reforestation and afforestation. Reforestation is the establishment of forest growth on areas where the previous forests are destructed due to natural effects and human activities. Afforestation is the establishment of forests on areas where there is no previous tree cover. Different programs can be carried on to enhance forestation. There is a special name for the management of forests which is known by forestry and nowadays most countries have lean towards forestation programs in order to prevent hazards and to achieve sustainable development.
A main program which encourages forestation can be identified as Forest Steward Program.
This program encourages the long-term stewardship of forest landscapes by assisting landowners to actively manage the forests and other lands resources. And also, this program gives assistance to enhance and sustain the long-term productivity of multiple forest resources. Other than that, it provides assistance to produce healthy, resilient forest landscapes. There are three main areas which forest stewardship programs are focusing on namely; assisting active management of lands, keeping land in a productive and healthy condition for present and future owners, and finally increasing economic benefit of land while conserving natural environment.
Finally, it can be said that the forestation programs are needed much more in the modern world. It is important to introduce more and more forestation programs and let people get to know about these programs and the value of these programs.
Energy Efficient solution in Modern Building - (Group 02)
Energy Efficiency Solutions in
Modern Buildings
Energy efficiency is a popular buzz word at the
moment, energy efficiency is when something uses less energy to provide the
same service and level/quality of output. Often times, it gets lumped into mean
anything that is an energy – saving measure, but it should be noted that energy
conservation is actually a different mode of preserving energy.
Implementing energy efficiency in the modern
buildings are crucially important strategy for Energy says, “Energy efficiency is one of the easiest
and most cost-effective ways to combat climate change, clean the air we
breathe, improve the competitiveness of our businesses and reduce energy costs
for consumers.”
Though many building owners might complain
about the initial costs of energy efficiency, ultimately, energy efficiency
will result in reduced energy costs long term. On a more personal level, using
energy efficient techniques in one’s own building will greatly reduce utility
bills because less energy, electricity, etc. will be required to perform the
same services, such as keeping the building cool or warm.
Energy efficiency can start in small ways and
can be executed on a personal, individual level. Because of this, it’s one of
the most promising policies in efforts to combat climate change and one with
the aim of delivering maximum social and economic benefits.
Thus, energy efficiency is key for promoting
environmental protections, as well as long-term way to reduce your energy costs
in your own building. Once you have a better understanding of what energy
efficiency is, you can start to educate others in your community about the long-term
benefits of saving energy and transforming the way we consume resources.
Energy Efficiency Solutions
- · Active use of solar energy
·
Compare to the other HVAC systems active use of
solar energy (thermal and photovoltaic solar collectors) on one hand has strong
input o the design of the building and on the other hand the use of solar
energy also has strong influence on the environmental performance of the
building. The intensive use of solar energy requires a comprehensive
integration of solar panels I the architectural design concept and influence
the design if strongly. Solar panels can be mounted on walls and roofs, whereas
in urban context roofs offer better conditions (less shading by other
buildings, free choice of declination enabling higher degrees of efficiency).
- · Natural ventilation by wind
For high rise building natural ventilation
concepts by wind are innovative to conventional mechanical ventilation systems.
The new office building of the European Central Bank in Frankfurt will be the
first office building using only natural ventilation. The design of the building
is based on wind and ascending forces around and in the building.
- Minimization of electricity demand for artificial lighting
Besides heating
and cooling the energy demand for artificial lighting is of importance for the
energetic performance of buildings. Buildings with huge overall width, like
office buildings, tend to have substantial energy demand for artificial
lighting. The development of innovative daylight concepts is the most important
strategy to decrease the energy demand for lighting. Daylight concepts always
have to be considered in combination with aspects for heating and cooling.
- · Passive cooling
Passive cooling strategies prevent the building
from overheating by blocking solar gains and removing internal heat gains (e.g.
using cooler outdoor air for ventilation, strong excess heat in thermal mass).
Elements that contribute to passive cooling include, Fixed external shading,
thermal mass, low window to wall area ratio, passive ventilation, nocturnal
cooling, stacked windows, passive evaporation cooling and earth tempering
ducts. Nocturnal cooling uses overnight natural ventilation to remove heat
accumulated in the building mass during the day. The cooler nighttime air
flushes and cools the warm building structure.
- · Strat with smart design
Cost effective less energy buildings begin with
smart design. Designers and architects, as well as builders, should familiar
with all steps involved in building a less energy building and should design
the building so that builders and subcontractors can implement these steps as
cost effectively as possible. There are several design parameters to which
builders should ask designers to pay special attention. Detailed communication
between the builder and designer will ensure that these critical details do not
fall through the crack.
- · Super seal the building envelope
Super sealing the building envelope is the
single most cost-effective measure builders can take to improve the energy
efficiency of a less energy buildings. Several proven, air sealing approaches
are available. Choose an approach that matches your climate, skills and budget.
- · Heat water wisely
Water heating is often the largest energy
expense in a less energy buildings after heating and cooling. So it is
important for designers and builders to select and locate efficient hot water
heating technology, along with other measures, to minimize hot water use.
Group 3
Carbon
offset
What is a carbon offset?
A carbon offset is a credit for greenhouse gas
reductions achieved by one party that can be purchased and used to compensate
(offset) the emissions of another party. Carbon offsets are typically measured
in tones of CO2-equivalents (or CO2e) and are bought and sold through a number
of international brokers, online retailers and trading platforms.
For example, wind energy companies often sell carbon
offsets. The wind energy company benefits because the carbon offsets it sells
make such projects more economically viable. The buyers of the offsets benefit
because they can claim that their purchase resulted in new non-polluting
energy, which they can use to mitigate their own greenhouse gas emissions. The
buyers may also save money as it may be less expensive for them to purchase
offsets than to eliminate their own emissions.
Many types of activities can generate carbon offsets.
Renewable energy such as the wind farm example above, or installations of
solar, small hydro, geothermal and biomass energy can all create carbon offsets
by displacing fossil fuels. Other types of offsets available for sale on the
market include those resulting from energy-efficiency projects, methane capture
from landfills or livestock, destruction of potent greenhouse gases such as
halo-carbons, and carbon-sequestration projects (through reforestation, or
agriculture) that absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere (Foundation,
2017) .
https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2011/sep/16/carbon-offset-projects-carbon-emissions
https://www.nytimes.com/2015/01/20/opinion/a-carbon-offset-market-for-trees.html
https://www.nytimes.com/2015/01/20/opinion/a-carbon-offset-market-for-trees.html
References
Foundation, D. S. (2017, octomber 05). carbon
offset. Retrieved from Davidsuzuki.org:
https://davidsuzuki.org/what-you-can-do/carbon-offsets/
Arsecularatne B.P. 162604D
Ekenayake K.M.N.K. 162405N
Hasantha P.P.G.M.L 162627B
Jayathilaka R.D.W.W. 162634T
Madushan R.L.D 162647K
Shylanth P. 162671D
Ekenayake K.M.N.K. 162405N
Hasantha P.P.G.M.L 162627B
Jayathilaka R.D.W.W. 162634T
Madushan R.L.D 162647K
Shylanth P. 162671D
Waste management strategies - Group 17
https://drive.google.com/open?id=1JG2Ql-wpR2niGHeunrX6dJ-O5ryY-5m9
Group Members :
Hasintha M. R. K. 162693V
Lawanga P. W. A. H. 162691M
Rekanya S. 162433C
Rifky A. R. F. 162434F
Senarathna D. S. N. 162442D
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