Energy Efficient Solutions in Modern Buildings.
In the current days, all over the world paying
more attention to the problem of resource conservation on energy efficient use.
Saving energy is one of the most actual topic in the current society. In the construction
industry, the highest energy saving potentials can be realized by energy
efficient building design. The energy efficiency of buildings is significantly
influenced by architectural design aspects, such as orientation, shape of the
building structure, where the openings of windows are located etc.
Energy consumption of
buildings, is not significant for the past, but it has become the dominate
measure of the quality of the project in the present. If at the beginning of
the construction of energy efficient buildings, until the early 1990s, the main
interest is the study of measures for the energy saving. Then in the mid-1990s
the priority is given to energy to energy efficient solutions that
simultaneously contribute to the quality of microclimate.
In most countries
buildings account for almost half of the country’s total energy consumption.
Increasing population place growing demand in education, health services,
residential which requires further renovation of existing buildings and
construction new buildings. So these energy efficient building solutions is a
safe bat and creates way to prevent from the fluctuation in energy costs. So in
the present construction of large number of buildings are constructed based on
those different concept of energy efficient solutions. In this article, there
is an overview of the most important solutions for energy efficient building
designs.
One of those solutions
is Climate Design. In other words, designs that can adapt to climate conditions.
In history also the building design, besides other factors like social aspects,
availability of building materials, always was a result of the climatic
conditions on the building site but in the present it is not the same. So, to
design energy efficient buildings architectural concepts have to integrate this
old knowledge and develop new innovative design solutions based on climatic
aspects. Most important aspects with strong influence on the building design
are outdoor temperature, solar radiation, humidity and wind. Giving more
intention for wind ventilation, using solar-reflecting white coating to roof
are some suggestions for it.
Next one is
compactness; minimization of losses. In most countries transmission heat losses
play an important role for the energy performance of buildings. Depending on
the building type (housing, office, schools, etc.) transmission losses can have
the highest ratio of all losses. Especially for an economical realization of
passive houses or zero- and plus energy- houses compactness is of highest importance,
as worse compactness means higher construction costs
Another one is Maximization
of solar gains. In heating climates, a maximization of passive solar gains
should be the main target to reduce the heating energy demand. Optimized
interaction of orientation, size of windows and disposable thermal mass are the
key elements to do it. Orientation and size of transparent building elements
(windows) have important influence on the cooling demand. Intelligent shading
elements with different orientation are further measures for the reduction of
solar gains.
One of the most
important energy efficient solution in modern buildings is minimization of
electricity demand for artificial lighting. Besides heating and cooling the
energy demand for artificial lighting is of importance for the energetic
performance of buildings. Buildings with huge overall width, like office
buildings, tend to have substantial energy demand for artificial lighting. The
development of innovative daylight concepts is the most important strategy to
decrease the energy demand for lighting. It is important to consider that the daylight
concepts always have to be considered in combination with aspects for heating
and cooling.
As the technology
develops people are seeking for these energy efficient solutions that can adapt
the design, operation and management of the modern buildings and it became an
important part of sustainable development.
