Friday, October 27, 2017

Sustainable Development - Group 02

1.    Introduction to sustainable development

1.1.         Own views on sustainable development

According to my view sustainable development means the development of the infrastructure, roads and other things as well as development of the economy in an environmental friendly manner and without wasting resources. That means when we do a construction or a new project, we have to do it environmental friendly and without wasting resources. That means if we do construction or road development by cutting trees that is not sustainable development, we have to regrow trees in a suitable place to reduce the harm that we have done to environment, and also we have to do without wasting resources and we have to keep them for future generations.
Bandaranayake D.M.L.N (162734B)

Su8stainable development is carrying on the development of the human society without destroying the natural environment and eco system, that mean developing the society using recycle, reusable, durable, biodegradable, and ecofriendly materials  and carrying the development with the lesser harm to the environment.
Amarasingha L.H. (162603A)

Sustainable development is the effective development of social, economic and environmental sector
Hasan A.H.I (162626V)

Sustainable development is develop the things without harm to the environment and also economically. As well as fulfill current needs from the resources without discomfiting future needs.
Alahakoon S.S (162401D)

In sustainable development, it balance all sides which consider that work. It is friendly with environment health, technology, cost etc
Lunuvila H.L.J.M (1626456G) 

1.2.         Definitions with references

·         “No single approach to “sustainable development” or framework is consistently useful, given the variety of scales inherent in different conservation programs and different types of societies and institutional structures” (Heinen, 1994).
·         “Thus define agricultural sustainability as the ability to maintain productivity, whether as a field or farm or nation. Where productivity is the output of valued product per unit of resource input” (Conway & Barbier, 1990).
·         “Sustainable development involves devising a social and economic systems, which ensures that these goals are sustained, i.e. that real incomes rise, that educational standards increase, that the health of the nation improves, that the general quality of life is advanced” (Pearce, Makandia & Barbier, 1989).

1.3           Critical review


In here in the first definition of Heinen (1994) it doesn’t talk about the facts clearly that should enter in sustainable development. And also it doesn’t explain about the environmental friendly concept. In the second definition of Conway and Barbier (1990) it mainly focused on agricultural development and it also talked about the economic aspects of it. But it doesn’t mention about the environmental friendly concepts and allocation of resources without wasting them. But in the third definition of Pearce, Markandia and Barbie (1989), it explain about most facts that should include in the sustainable development like economic aspects, social aspects  and health of the nation.But it also gives a little attention to eco-friendliness. By the way third definition is explain about the sustainable development better than others.    


Group Members

Alahakoon S.S (162401D)
Amarasingha L.H. (162603A)
Bandaranayake D.M.L.N (162734B)
Hasan A.H.I (162626V)
Lunuvila H.L.J.M (1626456G)
Sustainable Development

Vitharana M.C.B.
162714 N

Sustainable development of a system means the process of achieving the required development for the system without damaging the functionality of the natural system or natural resources. Re usable materials and energy sources could be used commonly in this process and environmental pollution is reduced as much as possible in this process.

Kalpani K.S.Y.
162420 J

Sustainable Development means the development of social, economic, social welfare etc by the reducing of environmental impact. The present generation use natural resource by saving future generation. There is no environmental pollution in sustainable development.

Supun H.A.W.
162450 B

Sustainable means be perfect from the all sides. Development is process which can up the levels. Sustainable development is perfect process which helps to up the levels of selected project or thing. Throught economically, environment friendly, comfortably etc.

Jayalath J.A.C.D.
162704 J

Sustainable development is a development to get the present needs and conduct the economy without any reducing of natural resources.

Jayamini J.S.O.J.
162452 M

Sustainable development is concept for all us. Its helps to government to achieve the government goals. Its   including
Low pollution of environment
Economically
Social sustainable



“Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generation to meet their own needs” (International institute for Sustainable Development, 2015).
“Sustainable development is described as a type of development that would enable us to meet our present needs in ways that would not jeopardize the potential of future generation to meet their needs” (Walker, 2006).
“Green building is part of the lorger concept of sustainable development, characterized by Sara Parkin of the British environmental initiative, forum for the future, as a process that enables all people to realize their potential and improve their quality of life in ways that protect and enhance the earth’s life support systems” (Means, 2011)

Critical review
According to the above statements there is little difference. Walker and International institute for sustainable development give same idea for the sustainable development. They state sustainable development is development that use sources in present generation by saving resources for the future generation. But Means state green building concept for the sustainable development. He also state sustainable concept is environmental friendly.

Created definition
According to the our opinions sustainable development is achieving the required development with economical environmental and social wellbeing. Sustainable development recognizes that growth must be both inclusive and environmentally sound to reduce poverty and build shared prosperity for today’s population, and to continue to meet the needs of future generations.

References
International institute for Sustainable development, (2015) Retrieved from http//www,iisd.org/topic/sustainable-development

Means .S.S., (2011) Green Building: Project planning and cost estimating, (3rd ed) , John      wiley ans sons, Inc., Hohoken, New Juerey
Walker S., (2006), Sustainable by design: Explorations in theory and practice, Corthscon, United Kingdom

Sustainable Development
·        Development can be defined as an increase of a particular thing from the previous status. Sustainability can be defined as an improvement of a particular thing on an environmental friendly way and energy efficiency way.
            So, Sustainable Development means an improvement from the previous status on an environmental friendly and energy efficiency way in order to preserve resources for the needs of future generation.                                                                          
                                                                          Silva M.W.L.R.K.
                                                                          162438V

·         Green facades and green walls are examples for Sustainable Development. The Sustainable Development should not harm the environment while developing.
                                                                          Maathanki S.
                                                                          162697L

·         Development is a main purpose. Mainly Sustainable Development is an economic development that is conducted without depletion of natural resources. Simply Development can be done without hurting environment. It is a very important principle to country’s economy.
                                                            Pushpakumari M.N.A.
                                                            162719J

·         Sustainable Development is the method of the developing without polluting or harming the environment resources and develop the community with saving natural sources for the future generation. 
                                                                 Gunasekara I.V.W.
                                                                 162446T

·         Sustainable Development is the development that fulfill the needs of the present generation without the depletion of the ability to meet their needs by the future generation. With Sustainable Development people tend to think about the ways to materials in a minimum manner and what materials and methods are more suitable and environment friendly.
                                                        Fonseka S.A.N.S.

                                                        162447K











Definitions of Sustainable Development
“Sustainable development is a central concept for our age. It is both a way of understanding the world and method for solving global problems. Sustainable development goals (SDGS) will guide the world’s economic diplomacy in the coming generation”
Reference
Jeffy,D,S.(1893).The Age of Sustainable Development.Newyork:Chichester.

“Sustainable development is about integration: developing is a way that benefits the widest possible range of sectors, across borders and even between generations. In other words, our decisions should take into consideration potential impact on society, the environment and the economy, while keeping in mind that: our actions will have impacts elsewhere and our actions will have an impact on the future.”
Reference
Strange,Tand Bayley,A.(2006).Sustainable Development. OECD Publications.

“Sustainable development requires an understanding of the natural world and the human social world as being not so much connected as one on the same. It is a process that requires us to view our life as elements of a larger entity.”
Reference
Blewitt,J.(2008).Understanding Sustainable Development. Newyork.








Critical Review on approved definitions on Sustainable Development


Similarities of approved definitions
If consider about the definition which created by D.S. Jeffry, he has found that Sustainable Development is a central concept. When compare with other authors they also have found that the concept of Sustainable Development is an important concept as well as it is a central concept.
When consider bout the benefits for the future generation through the Sustainable Development all the authors namely D.S. Jeffry, Strange, A. Tand Bayley and J. Blewitt have mentioned in their books about that in a described manner.
D.S. Jeffry has mentioned that “Sustainable Development goals will guide the world’s economy diplomacy in the coming generation.”
Strange and A. Tand Bayley has mentioned “Sustainable development is about integration: developing in a way that benefits the widest possible range of sectors, across borders and even between generations.
So all authors mentioned Sustainable Development is environmental friendly, social friendly and also it helps to economic development.

Differences of approved definitions
If consider about the definition which created by D.S. Jeffry, he has found that Sustainable Development is a way of understanding the world and method for solving global problems. When compare with other authors Strange, A.Tand Bayley found a way that benefits the widest possible range of sectors, across borders and even between generations.
But J.Blewitt said Sustainable Development requires an understanding of the human social world as being not so much connected as one and the same.
D.S.Jeffry said Sustainable Development is a central concept but Strange and A.Tand Bayley viewed Sustainable Development is about integration. And J.Blewitt identified Sustainable Development is a process. So then we can say three authors defined about sustainable development three different ways.




Critical review between approved definitions and own views of group members

The approved definitions which are mentioned by the authors and the own views of group members have some similarities and differences both.
When compare the similarities of above definitions it seems that the authors namely, D.S. Jeffy, Strange, A. Tand Bayley and J. Blewitt and own views of group members both they mentioned about the preservation of resources. Because the people have to use the resources with consideration of future generation as well.
Another similarity that can be discussed is about the economical concept. Both the authors and team members have found the importance and benefits to the world economy through the Sustainable Development. It is a main economical concept.
 When consider about the differences between the views of the authors and views of group members, students did not find about the Sustainable Development as an entity of which requires the people’s life as J. Blewitt mentioned.
So it can be approved that the Sustainable Development is a key concept of achieving the development with a green environment as the views of both parties.




The created definition of Sustainable Development
Sustainable Development is the understanding of the environment in order to protect the resources of natural world with the preservation for future generation and developing the current status by using most suitable materials and methods which have minimum impacts to the environment.
Sustainable Development is one of the most important concept in the world economy.
Sustainable Development helps to make a developed world without harming the natural green environment.


BE 2409

 Sustainable development

Group No:19


Topic
Introduction to sustainable Development

Own view 

1. In present we have limited resources. But we want to use the resources for development programs. As well as we want to save resources for future. So sustainable development is carefully use the resources for development activities. As well as when we development, it should be ecofriendly and sustain time.
W. R. D. Wickramanyake- 162718F

2. Sustainable development is the economic development how is it is without deflation the natural resources. It means present country should be developed without waste the resources that need to save resources for next generation also. I think that is the real development we must achieve.
Nayanananda K.H.R.D.C 162444k

3. Sustainable development means improvement of something without wasting resources and using resources efficacy for the future.
Pathirana D.P.I.M 162445N

4. Sustainable development means the development which is included in the economically, environmental and social development and using the resources without affect the future generations.
Kabilash K 162711 D

5. Sustainable development means the development which is consist of economically and environmental development also consider the social development. Using the renewable and nonrenewable resources without affect to the future generations. It helps to improve the quality of the human life.
Rukanya S. 162435J 



Critically interpretation

·         “Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs” (United Nations General Assembly, 1987, p.43).

·         “Sustainable development is a central concept for our age. It is both a way of understanding the world and method for solving global problems. Sustainable development goals (SGDs) will guide the world’s economic diplomacy in the coming generation” (Jeffry, 1893).


·         “Sustainable development recognizes that growth must be both inclusive and environmentally sound to reduce poverty and build shared prosperity for today’s population and to continue to meet the needs of future generations” (Kates, 2006).



Similarities and differences between definitions

Similarities
Differences
      ·         Ability of future generation.

      ·   To meet their own needs.
      ·     Sustainable development goals will guide          the world’s economics diplomacy.
      ·         Reduce poverty and build shared prosperity        for today’s population.




Similarities and differences between own views of group members

Similarities
Differences
    ·        Improvement of something without wasting.
    ·        Save resources for next generation.
   ·        Development which is included in the  economically, environmental and social development.  
      ·         It helps to improve the quality of the human life.
     ·         Using the resources without affect the future generations.
   ·    Using the renewable and nonrenewable resources without affect to the future generations
     ·         It should be ecofriendly and sustain time.






Group interpretation



Sustainable development is the development which is included in the economical environmental and social development and using limited resources to meets the present needs sufficiently and save resource to the future generation.
Critical Review (Group 30)

Sustainability is the foundation for today’s leading global frame work. Global goals are the goals of sustainable development goals which are universal, end the poverty, protect the whole world and allow the people to enjoy peace and prosperity. It improves the lives of both the present and future generations according to the
  • ·         Environmentally
  • ·         Physically
  • ·         Economically
  • ·         Socially

Sustainable development has been defined in many ways. There are three definitions mentioned below.
  • ·         Sustainability is about time the invisible dimention.Although the only sure thing about the future is that it will come ,concern for the future is at the basis of concern for sustainability. The world could be in very big trouble right now facing inundation of coastlines housing tens of millions of people ,a die off of species as large as the mass extinction that made way for mammals or maybe not(Gelfand,2010)
  • ·         Shah(2012)  stated that sustainability development means that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs(Shah,2012)
  • ·         Green building is part of the larger concept of “sustainable development”, characterized by sara Parkin of the British environment initiative Forum for the future as a process that enables all people to realize their potential and improve their quality of life in ways that protect and enhance the earth’s life support systems(Means,2011)


These all definitions are describing about development of the people and how to improve them.

But in Gelfands definition he mentioned the current situation of the earth .but in other definition that is not described. In means definition he introduced the green building concept and also our group members are also mentioned that when describing sustainable development.
In our group member definitions, they are giving their ideas about sustainable materials also.


Group Members

Abeygunarathne C.P.    162706R
Gamage B.L.                 162730J
Wijerathna B.V.M.K.    162686D
Kuhendran V.                162642P
Silva H.A.L.V.               162707V

Approved Definitions

“Sustainable development is among the frequently used term in the present development literatures. Their main focus is the present rate of environmental degradation, increasing human population, their demand, growing pollution of air and water and its probable present as well as future solutions” (Kattel , 2007).
“Sustainable development is achieving economic and social development in ways that do not exhaust a country’s natural resources” (Peacock, 2008).
“The hope that humanity could continue to advance socially and economically, while still conserving the life-support systems provided by the global environment that make an indispensable contribution to human welfare” ([Pearce, 2013).

Group member’s definitions

“Sustainable development pays the attention not only for the development of infrastructures and other facilities, it mainly consists of development in a nature friendly manner”
“Sustainable development is a development of various industries such as construction, agriculture and manufacturing environment friendly”
“Sustainable development is a method of building design and construction which include environment friendly”

Critical review based on literature review  

Actually sustainable development is a large topic. It expands along wide range. According to these approved definitions we can say sustainable development is belongs to various industries not a specific industry. And it is an expectation of decrease future inquiries of natural resources.
When considering personal views related to sustainable development most of the members contain an idea of development in each and every industry without compromising or harming the natural environment. One of them illustrates sustainable development can only be achieved through increasing the efficiency in product usage. Also there is another view carries the idea of achieving the current development while having future benefits. However each and every idea little bit differ from other views. Even though there are some similarities also. Therefore we can come to a conclusion only considering the personal views, sustainability or sustainable development is completely away from the main development because it is hardly with the expectation of giving less negative effect to the environment.
Even though when comparing personal views and the approved definitions that we have done there are few points to be added to the individual ideas. Actually in order to part of sustainable development environmental, economic and social goals must be achieved without having one of the above it cannot be considered as sustainable development. The three definitions illustrates the above fact clearly. Also the sustainability concept is not limited to particular industry or section. This can only be achieved through out whole performance carried out by each and every sector.
Group statement
According to approved definitions and personal reviews we could get a new definition; “Sustainable development is environment, economic and social development that is conducted without depletion of natural resources for future solutions”.
Dharmadasa K.H.K                      162614H
Indrasiri   M.A.B.M                      162413P
Jeewanthi S.G.U                            162636C
Karunarathne H.M.N.B                 162708B
Sanoj S.K.R                                   162721H  


Thursday, October 26, 2017

Group 33 - Personal views on ‘Sustainable Development’  
  • ·         Sustainable development is advancement that addresses the issues of the present without trading off the capacity of future ages to address their own particular issues. Sustainable development is the arranging standard for meeting human advancement objectives while in the meantime managing the capacity of common frameworks to give the regular assets and biological system administrations whereupon the economy and society depend. The alluring final product is a condition of society where living and conditions and asset utilize keep on meeting human needs without undermining the trustworthiness and solidness of the normal frameworks.

Gajanayake G.M.T.N.
162622F

  • ·         Sustainable development is considered for the well-being of the environment and for the economies of people which includes the future development in a project. In construction, environment friendly, recyclable, low energy embodied, biodegradable materials are used. In sustainable development environmental policies, development strategies, efficiency and effectiveness are used in order to have a planned sustainable development.

Liyanaarachchi L.A.I.U.
162644A

  • ·         Sustainable development improves the relationship between environment and any material in healthy way.

Manusha L.G.L.
162688K 

  • ·         Sustainable development is the development that proceed with the sustainable theories. Sustainable development means the development that included theories of green concept, eco-friendly, bio degradable, recyclable, using sustainable material, no emitting VOC gases and ecological concepts. Sustainable development is development that "meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs." Also called it as progression that tends to the issues of the present without exchanging off the limit of future ages to address their own specific issues.

Samaraweera K.K.S.
162699U 

  • ·         Sustainable development means the development of the economy with lower damage to the natural resources in a correct matter. Although the natural resources are used to develop the economy. The country should be satisfy with remaining resources for future generation. Bio degradable materials are more sustainable and they are mostly used. When a country is sustainably developed the environment pollution is lower.

Shashini T.W.K.N.
162729N


Critical review

Sustainable development is the economic development that is conducted without depletion of natural resources. In other words, sustainable development is the balance between improvement of lifestyles and well-being and preserving natural resources and ecosystems. Dernbach stated that, “effective governance requires a nation to consider and protect the environment and natural resources on which its current and future development depend.” Sustainable development integrates economic development, social development and environmental protection. . It is more than just caring about the environment, or generating money through the economic growth.


                                         

The use of renewable and non-renewable resources in a manner that satisfies our current needs but does not compromise the future ability of resources. According to UN. Sustainable development “meets the needs of present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.”
There are several goals of sustainable development such as ensure healthy lives, knowledge, and the inclusion of women and children, end poverty and fight inequality, grow a strong, inclusive, and transformative economy, protect our ecosystems for all societies and our children etc. But our rate of consumption of natural resources has placed a big stress on the environment. The crying need is for sustainable development which aims at development which does not have a negative impact on the environment. In conclusion, careful use of the resources and maximum use of non-conventional energy sources will enable us to attain sustainable development.

Sustainable Development/ Group 10


Own views


The meaning of the sustainable is do things in cost effectively, low environmental impact and suitable for needs. As I think sustainable development is improve things according to sustainable manner.
                                                                         -Jayathilaka K.P.S.M-162417G

Development projects that use materials and technologies in order to reduce the impact on environment and reduce scarcity of materials in future.
                                                                         -De Zoysa G.H.W.-162612B
                                                                          
Sustainable development is efficiency and effective development of global changes for wellbeing of people.
                                                                         -Seneviratne S.M.L.V.-162669E

Sustainable development is a process to protect environment, to consume energy to get efficient use from buildings.   
                                                                        -  Viroshitha R-162679J

Sustainable development is a concept of development which is done without causing harm to natural resources.
                                                                        -Nafha M.N.F-162654E
     

Critical review


“Sustainable refurbishment looks at our built heritage in a holistic manner taking into account not only the physical condition of building and its energy performance, but also the impact of the building on the community as a whole (Shah.S, 2012)”

Above statement describe that sustainable development can be considered as a concept that refer about the economic development where it emphasis is shifted from short term economic gains to a long term approach, and there should be a balance between economic, social, and environmental considerations. Sustainable development requires an incorporated way to decision-making linking the economy, the environment, and society rather than in stages.
In every definition Sustainable development is considered as a concept of economic development which is done in ecofriendly manner in order to save for the future generation. There are a few view about the sustainable development. It is a balanced connection between financial, social, natural like different zones. Major goal of sustainable development is fulfillment of human needs and wants, as stated by this idea when utilizing the resources for needs, don't misuse the resources. Those resources should spare for the future usage. By utilizing that can decrease the issues happened because of the shortage of resources. In another way, sustainable development is a concept with no ecological contamination.


Group interpretation


Sustainable development is doing any economic activity efficiently and effectively without harming environment and reducing the depletion of natural resources so that future generations can benefit from those resources.



Individual definitions( Group 11)

Sustainable development is the economic development that is conducted without depend of natural resources. That means when we are doing sustainable development we must not pollute the environment. We have to do it environment friendly. Because of this we will be able to protect environment for a long time.
De zoysa H.D.M (162613E)

Sustainable development is very important concept of developing countries, which protect environment and achieve growth and basic economic goals.
Hewasinghe H.P.S.S (162412L)

Sustainable development is the development that meets the needs of the present generation with the use of renewable and nonrenewable resources in a friendly manner and without sacrificing the needs of future generation.
Senanayake G.P.D.S (162667V)

Sustainable development is the development at physical and social matters in a better way which leads to a green world.
Warnasuriya W.M.C.I (162713K)

Approved Group definitions

“Sustainable development is the concept of a relationship between economic growth and the environment”(Asefa,2005).

“Sustainable development as development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meets their own needs” (World Commission and development,1987).

“Sustainable development is maintaining and enhancing the quality of human life, social, economic and environmental while living with the carrying capacity of supporting eco-system”(International Union for Conservation of Nature,1991).



Critical review
Sustainable development is a generally peaceful relationship between humans and nature. But in deep it is a vast area, which covers environmental, social, economic aspects. Purvis and Grainger (2006), content that a system has to be simultaneously environmentally, economically and socially sustainable. Its objective was to provide a growing and sustainable economy while protecting the environment.

Figure 1: The three spheres of Sustainability

In our individual definitions we only concern about one or two aspects of sustainable development. But to be a well define definition, it should covers the all three aspects of sustainability. According to our knowledge, we gain in our first year, we learnt about the word “sustainability”, as the method of conservation and use of resources in an economical and efficient manner. And these resources should be recyclable. With that narrow knowledge we compose our own definitions. As the similarities we all have identified the environmental aspect of sustainable development. 

When writing a definition to that subject we have to consider facts that include in group definitions which are cited from books, journals and reports. Apart from that, we should be considered following goals,
·         People – ensure that human beings can fulfill their potential in dignity, equality and healthy environment.
·         Planet – protect planet, sustainable consumption and production, managing natural resources for present and future generation.
·         Prosperity – enjoy prosperous lives and that economic, social and technological progress occurs in harmony.
·         Peace – societies are free from fear and violence .There can be no sustainable development without peace.
·         Partnership – participation of all countries, all stakeholders and all people.

According to the correctly defined definitions,
Sustainability development can be achieved by investing renewable resources, developing alternative for non-renewable resources, employing efficient consumption of existing resources by seeking new technological solutions for depletion of resources. Strong sustainability emphasizes that human activities should be organized within biosphere limits.
This has made an attempt to critically review sustainable development to present, and its destiny remains in the hands of future generation.

References
Asefa. S, (2005), The economics of sustainable development; USA: Routledge
International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), United Nations Environmental Programme and World Wide Fund (1991) Carrying for the Earth: A Strategy for Sustainable Living, Gland: IUCN.
World Commission on Environment and Development (WCED) (1987) Our Common Future, Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Group members
De Zoysa H.D.M(162613E)
Hewasinghe H.P.S.S (162412L)
Senanayake G.P.D.P (162667V)
Warnasuriya W.M.C.I (162713K)