Construction activities have experienced a boom due to rapid improvements in procurement of building materials. However, the current scenario in the booming construction industry has posed many challenges due to some unsustainable aspects of the highly polluting and the exhaustive nature of building materials. At the same time, it has also created opportunities for innovative and unconventional resources to emerge due to the widening gap in demand and supply of building materials, as well as the need for energy efficient and economical methods of construction. Among these building materials, stand out due to their durability, cost effectiveness and local availability. Bamboo corrugated sheet Plastic Bricks Rice Husk Ash Concrete Bagasse Particle Board
Bamboo Corrugated Sheet
Bamboo has been intensively utilized as a building material since ancient times. However, due to the scarcity of wood in recent years, bamboo has gained great importance as a source of renewable fibre as a suitable alternative to wood. Particularly, bamboo is suitable for low cost housing in earthquake-prone regions due to its sturdiness and versatility. This versatile forest produce lends itself to be manufactured into mat-based industrial products such as bamboo mat board, bamboo mat veneer composite, bamboo mat moulded products, bamboo mat corrugated sheet for roofing, etc. Among these, the bamboo mat corrugated sheet is an ideal substitute for an ideal substitute for asbestos and galvanized steel sheets for roofing purposes. Since corrugated sheets are most versatile for roofing. These sheets are environmentally friendly, energy efficient and possess good fire resistance as well.
Plastic Bricks
The plastic bags were used to fill the potholes in Niger in a way to solve the problem of waste disposal. Plastic waste bricks are not only inexpensive but are also easily workable. The waste plastic is collected from various sources and then diligently sorted. It is then washed and sanitized. Plastic Bricks have been extensively used in highway and railway infrastructure. Plastic from the millions of the bottles and bags are melted and molded in the form of bricks are used in the construction of the roads. This has considerably the elastic nature of the surface helping in more load-bearing capacity of highways.
Rice Husk Ash
Rice Husk Ash (RHA) produced after burning of rice husks can be used as an admixture for concrete. RHA has high reactivity and pozzolanic property, which improves the workability and solidity of the cement. Portland cement contains 60-65% Calcium oxide and, upon hydration, a considerable portion of lime is released as free Calcium oxide and, upon hydration, a considerable for the poor performance of Portland cement concretes in acidic environments. Silica present in Rice husk ash combines with the calcium hydroxide resulting in excellent resistance to acidic environments. RHA concrete also reduce heat evolution during slaking, increases strength, impermeability and durability by strengthening transition zone, modifying the pore-Structure and also plugs the voids in the hydrated cement paste through the pozzolanic reaction. Minimizing the alkaliaggregate reaction, it also reduce expansion and distils pore structure and hinders diffusion of alkali ions to the surface of aggregate by micro porous structure. It is excellent resistance to the acidic environments and very workable and durable.
Bagasse Particle
Board A considerable amount of excess bagasse generated from sugar mills is left to rot or burnt as fuel for boilers. This by- product is now being used as a substitute for wood in particle boards that are light and low cost. Bagasse-based composites offer potential as the core material for laminated floors, replacing high-density and expensive wood fibre board. As such, bagasse does not have enough strength and water resistance to be used on its own. Usage of these innovative building materials has considerably reduced the exploitative use of concrete, wood and other traditional resources.
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